Welding is an integral part of the fabrication process. The quality of a weld can signify the success or failure of a structure. It is imperative that the correct welding rods are used in accordance with the materials you are welding and that the correct method of welding is being undertaken. So, what are the different types of welding rods, and how do you know which is the most appropriate for your project? Do you use consumable or non-consumable? What is the difference between a 6010 and a 7018? Read on to find out!
Consumable vs non-consumable
A non-consumable welding rod, otherwise known as an electrode, maintains the electric arc to weld a filler between a join. Despite being non-consumable, they do wear out over time. These are commonly used in TIG welding. A consumable rod acts as the filler and melts into the join. These electrodes are suited to several welding processes, including MIG and SMAW.
The all-important numbers
The numbers you find on welding rods indicate the tensile strength of your weld. For example, a 6010 is made of carbon steel and provides a weld suitable for mild steel, whereas a 7018 is made from low-carbon steel and better suited to thicker metals. When looking at what are the different types of welding rods, it is important to understand these numbers. The first two numbers indicate the minimum tensile strength, the third number indicates the weld position and the fourth number indicates flux composition. Once you understand what the numbers mean, selecting the correct welding rod for the task at hand is easy.
Tensile strength
Tensile strength is a measurement of the amount of pressure your weld can withstand. It is measured in pounds per square inch (PSI) and indicates at what pressure point your weld will fail. Generally, you will match tensile strength to the strength of your metal.
Weld positions
There are four numbers within the weld positions indicator. Number one represents all positions, number two is for flat or horizontal, three is flat, and four is flat, horizontal, vertical down, or overhead. Number one tends to be the most popular as it is the most versatile.
Flux composition
The flux component of your welding rod protects your molten metals from contamination and aids your molten metal flow. It can create a slag layer over your weld that can usually be easily removed with a grinder or in some cases, a steel brush to improve the appearance of your weld.
Choosing the right welding rod
First things first, what is the tensile strength of the metal you are welding? This knowledge will help to determine the strength of the rod that is required. The next step is to look at the rod’s specifications, including size, thickness, and temperature. Select a rod that is thick enough to cover the weld but not so thick that it will leave weld burns. Ideally, the rod you choose will match the thickness of your joint. The type of welding you are undertaking will determine if you use consumable or non-consumable welding rods.
Still unsure?
If you are still unsure about different types of welding rods and how to determine which rod is best suited to your project, speak with the professionals. The Edge WA is staffed by qualified personnel who can advise on all your welding tools and supply needs, no matter how big or small your project may be.
Having the right materials at hand will ensure success for your project, be it a home weld on a bed frame or the fabrication of an LNG Tank. Contact us today for expert advice on all your welding requirements.